The computation cannot be started early until the input signal samples are received. Input signal samples are made available while the program is being executed. An implementation of a real-time signal processing application has three special characteristics: (1) For example, in a cellular phone, the speech coding signal processing algorithm must be executed to match the speed of normal conversation. Real-time implies that the results of a signal processing algorithm must be computed by a predefined deadline after the inputs are sampled. In many signal processing applications, real-time processing is an essential requirement. The following jumpers should be configured on the board to enable the on-board LCD:ĭIP switch SW20 positions 1–6, set to ON 8.9.3 Project PDLĪn implementation of a digital signal processing (DSP) algorithm consists of the computer program of that algorithm and the hardware on which the program is executed. In this project, the LV-32MX V6 development board is used. An LCD is connected to PORT B of the microcontroller and the microcontroller is configured to operate at 80 MHz clock rate using the built-in PLL module. The project hardware is same as shown in Figure 7.17.
Various MAC operations are performed and the time it takes to carry out these operations is displayed on an LCD.
In this project, we will calculate the time required to carry out floating point MAC operations using the mikroC Pro for PIC32 compiler, and the PIC32MX460F512L microcontroller with 80 MHz clock. It sends a non-negative value ranging from 0 to 34 and each of these values are mapped to a specific range of real RSRQ value as shown in the following table from 36.133.Dogan Ibrahim, in Designing Embedded Systems with 32-Bit PIC Microcontrollers and MikroC, 2014 8.9 Project 8.9-Calculating Timing in Digital Signal Processing 8.9.1 Project DescriptionĭSP algorithms require MAC operations using fixed-point or floating point arithmetic. When it report this value, it does use the real RSRQ value. UE usually measures RSRP or RSRQ based on the direction (RRC message) from the network and report the value. Since this is the ratio of two different power value, the unit of RSRQ is dB and the value would be always negative (because RSSI value will always be larger than N x RSRP) By dividing RSRP by RSSI, it could give some information about interference as well in addition to the strength of the wanted signal. Therefore, (N x RSRP)/RSSI indicates “ What is the portion of pure RS power over the whole E-UTRA power received by the UE“.Īs you see, this is not the direct measurement, it is a kind of derived value from RSRP and RSSI. power from co-channel serving & non-serving cells.So we have that RSRQ depends on serving cell power and the number of Tx antennasĪpplicable for: RRC_CONNECTED intra-frequency, RRC_CONNECTED inter-frequencyĪs you know from the definition of RSSI ( RSRP and RSRQ-Measurement in LTE), it contains all sorts of power including: If receiver diversity is in use by the UE, the reported value shall not be lower than the corresponding RSRQ of any of the individual diversity branches. The reference point for the RSRQ shall be the antenna connector of the UE. The reporting range of RSRQ is defined from -3…-19.5dB: See Graph and Table below.RSSI is pure wideband power measurement, including intracell power, interference and noise (noise + serving cell power + interference power during RS symbol)Į-UTRA – RSSI (Carrier Received Signal Strength Indicator), comprises the linear average of the total received power (in ) observed only in OFDM symbols containing reference symbols for antenna port, in the measurement bandwidth, over N number of resource blocks by the UE from all sources, including co-channel serving and non-serving cells, adjacent channel interference, thermal noise etc.N is the number of Physical Resource Blocks (PRBs) over which the RSSI is measured, typically equal to system bandwidth.The measurements in the numerator and denominator shall be made over the same set of resource blocks. RSRQ or Reference Signal Received Quality is defined as the ratio N×RSRP/(E-UTRA carrier RSSI), where N is the number of RB’s of the E-UTRA carrier RSSI measurement bandwidth.